{"id":6865,"date":"2021-10-24T22:36:19","date_gmt":"2021-10-24T19:06:19","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/mpkg.ir\/?p=6865"},"modified":"2021-11-18T18:48:09","modified_gmt":"2021-11-18T15:18:09","slug":"%da%af%d8%b1%d9%85%d8%a7%db%8c%d8%b4-%d8%b3%d8%b1%d9%85%d8%a7%db%8c%d8%b4-%d8%ae%d9%88%d8%b1%d8%b4%db%8c%d8%af%db%8c-%d8%b3%d8%a7%d8%ae%d8%aa%d9%85%d8%a7%d9%86%d9%87%d8%a7-%da%86","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/mpkg.ir\/%da%af%d8%b1%d9%85%d8%a7%db%8c%d8%b4-%d8%b3%d8%b1%d9%85%d8%a7%db%8c%d8%b4-%d8%ae%d9%88%d8%b1%d8%b4%db%8c%d8%af%db%8c-%d8%b3%d8%a7%d8%ae%d8%aa%d9%85%d8%a7%d9%86%d9%87%d8%a7-%da%86\/","title":{"rendered":"\u06af\u0631\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u0648 \u0633\u0631\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u062e\u0648\u0631\u0634\u06cc\u062f\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0686\u0642\u062f\u0631 \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u061f"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u06af\u0631\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u0648 \u0633\u0631\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u062e\u0648\u0631\u0634\u06cc\u062f\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0647\u0627 – \u0686\u0642\u062f\u0631 \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u061f<\/span><\/h1>\n

\u06a9\u0646\u0641\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0633 \u0628\u06cc\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0644\u06cc \u067e\u0631\u062f\u0627\u0632\u0634 \u0648 \u062a\u0648\u0644\u06cc\u062f \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u060c SMPM 2017 \u0648\u0648\u06cc\u0648 \u062a\u06cc \u0647\u0627\u0634<\/p>\n

\u062f\u0627\u0646\u0634\u06af\u0627\u0647 \u0641\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0631\u06cc Vaal \u060c \u0628\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0631 Andries Potgieter \u060c Vanderbijlpark \u060c 1990 \u060c \u0622\u0641\u0631\u06cc\u0642\u0627\u06cc \u062c\u0646\u0648\u0628\u06cc<\/p>\n

\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0647<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

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    \n
  1. \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u06cc<\/span><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    1.1 \u0627\u0646\u0631\u0698\u06cc \u062a\u062c\u062f\u06cc\u062f \u067e\u0630\u06cc\u0631<\/strong><\/p>\n

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    \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u062a\u062c\u062f\u06cc\u062f\u067e\u0630\u06cc\u0631 \u0627\u0646\u0631\u0698\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u062d\u0627\u0644 \u062d\u0627\u0636\u0631 \u0622\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u062a\u0648\u0644\u06cc\u062f \u062c\u0647\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u062c\u062f\u06cc\u062f \u062f\u0631 \u062c\u0647\u0627\u0646 \u0647\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f. \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0628\u0633\u06cc\u0627\u0631 \u0632\u06cc\u0627\u062f \u060c \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0622\u0644\u0648\u062f\u06af\u06cc \u0648 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u0627\u064b \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u0627\u0646 \u0646\u0627\u067e\u0630\u06cc\u0631 \u0647\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f. \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0648\u0647 \u0628\u0631 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u060c \u0627\u0646\u0631\u0698\u06cc \u062e\u0648\u0631\u0634\u06cc\u062f\u06cc \u0645\u06a9\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u0633\u0645 \u0645\u062d\u0631\u06a9 \u0633\u0627\u06cc\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0627\u0646\u0631\u0698\u06cc \u062a\u062c\u062f\u06cc\u062f\u067e\u0630\u06cc\u0631 \u0645\u0627\u0646\u0646\u062f \u0628\u0627\u062f \u060c \u0627\u0646\u0631\u0698\u06cc \u0622\u0628\u06cc \u060c \u0632\u06cc\u0633\u062a \u062a\u0648\u062f\u0647 \u0648 \u0646\u06cc\u0631\u0648\u06cc \u062d\u06cc\u0648\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a [4]. \u0627\u0646\u0631\u0698\u06cc \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062a\u062c\u062f\u06cc\u062f\u067e\u0630\u06cc\u0631 \u0628\u0627 \u062d\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u062a \u0627\u0632 \u0633\u06cc\u0627\u0633\u062a \u0647\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u0628\u0627 \u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0627\u0641\u0632\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u0627\u0645\u0646\u06cc\u062a \u0648 \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u062f\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u0627\u0646\u0631\u0698\u06cc \u060c \u0628\u0627 \u0633\u0631\u06cc\u0639 \u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0646 \u0633\u0631\u0639\u062a \u06af\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0634 \u06cc\u0627\u0641\u062a [5].<\/p>\n

    1.2 \u062a\u0647\u0648\u06cc\u0647 \u0645\u0637\u0628\u0648\u0639 \u062e\u0648\u0631\u0634\u06cc\u062f\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u0633\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0631 \u062c\u0647\u0627\u0646<\/strong><\/p>\n

    \u062a\u0642\u0627\u0636\u0627\u06cc \u0631\u0648\u0632\u0627\u0641\u0632\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u062a\u0647\u0648\u06cc\u0647 \u0645\u0637\u0628\u0648\u0639 \u0633\u0646\u062a\u06cc \u0628\u0627\u0639\u062b \u0627\u0641\u0632\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u062a\u0642\u0627\u0636\u0627 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u06a9\u0644\u06cc\u062f\u06cc \u0627\u0646\u0631\u0698\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u0633\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0631 \u062c\u0647\u0627\u0646 \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a. \u06a9\u0634\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u0645\u0627\u0646\u0646\u062f \u0645\u0635\u0631 \u0645\u06cc \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0646\u062f \u062a\u062e\u0645\u06cc\u0646 \u0628\u0632\u0646\u0646\u062f \u06a9\u0647 32 \u062f\u0631\u0635\u062f \u0627\u0632 \u062a\u0648\u0644\u06cc\u062f \u0628\u0631\u0642 \u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0628\u062e\u0634 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u06cc \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u062a\u0647\u0648\u06cc\u0647 \u0645\u0637\u0628\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u06cc \u0634\u0648\u062f [6]. \u0633\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0645 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062a\u0647\u0648\u06cc\u0647 \u0645\u0637\u0628\u0648\u0639 \u0628\u06cc\u0634 \u0627\u0632 30 to \u0628\u0647 \u06a9\u0644 \u0645\u0635\u0631\u0641 \u0628\u0631\u0642 \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u0633\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0631 \u062c\u0647\u0627\u0646 \u06a9\u0645\u06a9 \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u0646\u062f [1 \u060c 7-11]. \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u062f\u062a\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u062f\u0644\u06cc\u0644 \u06af\u0631\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u062c\u0647\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0648 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0638\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0631\u0627\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0633\u062a. \u062a\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u06cc \u0634\u0648\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u0633\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0645 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062a\u0647\u0648\u06cc\u0647 \u0645\u0637\u0628\u0648\u0639 \u0645\u0639\u0645\u0648\u0644\u06cc \u0645\u0642\u0627\u062f\u06cc\u0631 \u0632\u06cc\u0627\u062f\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0646\u0631\u0698\u06cc \u062a\u0648\u0644\u06cc\u062f \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0633\u0648\u0632\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0646 \u0633\u0648\u062e\u062a \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0641\u0633\u06cc\u0644\u06cc \u0631\u0627 \u0645\u0635\u0631\u0641 \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u0646\u062f.<\/p>\n

    \u06af\u0627\u0632\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u06af\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0627\u06cc<\/a> \u06a9\u0647 \u0627\u0632 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0633\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0645 \u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u0627\u062a\u0645\u0633\u0641\u0631 \u0633\u0627\u0637\u0639 \u0645\u06cc \u0634\u0648\u0646\u062f \u0645\u0633\u0626\u0648\u0644 \u06af\u0631\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u062c\u0647\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0648 \u0622\u0633\u06cc\u0628 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0632\u06cc\u0633\u062a \u0645\u062d\u06cc\u0637\u06cc \u0645\u0627\u0646\u0646\u062f \u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u06cc\u062f\u06cc \u0648 \u0627\u062b\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0636\u0631 \u0628\u0631 \u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062a \u0627\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0647\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f \u060c \u0628\u0647 \u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644. \u0622\u0633\u0645 (12 \u060c 13]. \u0633\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0645 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062a\u0647\u0648\u06cc\u0647 \u0645\u0637\u0628\u0648\u0639 \u0641\u0648\u062a\u0648\u0648\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0626\u06cc\u06a9 \u062f\u0631 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u06cc\u0633\u0647 \u0628\u0627 \u0633\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0645 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062a\u0647\u0648\u06cc\u0647 \u0645\u0637\u0628\u0648\u0639<\/a> \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u062a\u06cc \u0645\u0642\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0647 \u0635\u0631\u0641\u0647 \u062a\u0631 \u0647\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f \u060c \u0628\u0631\u0639\u06a9\u0633 \u062a\u0648\u0644\u06cc\u062f \u0628\u0631\u0642 \u0628\u0627 \u0646\u06cc\u0631\u0648\u06af\u0627\u0647 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u062a\u06cc \u062e\u0648\u0631\u0634\u06cc\u062f\u06cc \u0645\u0642\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0647 \u0635\u0631\u0641\u0647 \u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a [14]. \u0627\u0632 \u0622\u0646\u062c\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u06a9\u0647 \u0645\u06cc \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0632 \u0646\u0648\u0631 \u062e\u0648\u0631\u0634\u06cc\u062f \u0628\u06cc\u0634\u062a\u0631\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u06cc\u0633\u0647 \u0628\u0627 \u0633\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0645 \u0641\u062a\u0648\u0648\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0626\u06cc\u06a9 \u0628\u06cc\u0634\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u06a9\u0646\u062f [15]. \u0647\u0645\u0686\u0646\u06cc\u0646 \u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0635\u0644 \u062e\u0646\u06a9 \u06a9\u0646\u0646\u062f\u0647 \u062c\u0630\u0628 \u062e\u0648\u0631\u0634\u06cc\u062f\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u0622\u0646 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u0645\u06a9\u0627\u0646\u0647\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u06a9\u0647 \u0627\u0646\u0631\u0698\u06cc \u06af\u0631\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u0627\u0636\u0627\u0641\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0633\u062a \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0645\u06cc \u0633\u0627\u0632\u062f [16].<\/p>\n

    1.3 \u067e\u062a\u0627\u0646\u0633\u06cc\u0644 \u062a\u0647\u0648\u06cc\u0647 \u0645\u0637\u0628\u0648\u0639 \u062e\u0648\u0631\u0634\u06cc\u062f\u06cc<\/strong><\/p>\n

    \u0627\u0632 \u0633\u0627\u0644 2000 \u062a\u0627 2008 \u060c \u0638\u0631\u0641\u06cc\u062a \u0646\u0635\u0628 \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0633\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0645 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u06af\u0631\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u0648 \u0633\u0631\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u062e\u0648\u0631\u0634\u06cc\u062f\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u0633\u0637\u062d \u062c\u0647\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u0631 \u0633\u0637\u062d \u062c\u0647\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0627\u0641\u0632\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u06cc\u0627\u0641\u062a \u0648 \u0628\u0647 \u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u200b\u200b\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0647 20.1 \u062f\u0631\u0635\u062f \u0631\u0634\u062f \u06a9\u0631\u062f [17]. Global Industry Analyst (GIA) Inc. [18] \u0627\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u06a9\u0631\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0632\u0627\u0631 \u062c\u0647\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u062a\u0647\u0648\u06cc\u0647 \u0645\u0637\u0628\u0648\u0639 \u062a\u0627 \u0633\u0627\u0644 2020 \u0628\u0647 137.8 \u0645\u06cc\u0644\u06cc\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u0645\u06cc \u0631\u0633\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u0639\u0645\u062f\u062a\u0627\u064b \u0646\u0627\u0634\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u06af\u0631\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u062c\u0647\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u060c \u0627\u0641\u0632\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0632\u0646\u062f\u06af\u06cc \u0648 \u0634\u0647\u0631\u0646\u0634\u06cc\u0646\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a. \u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u06af\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0634\u06cc \u06a9\u0647 \u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 BSRIA Inc. [19] \u0645\u0646\u062a\u0634\u0631 \u0634\u062f \u060c \u0628\u0627\u0632\u0627\u0631 \u062c\u0647\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u062a\u0647\u0648\u06cc\u0647 \u0645\u0637\u0628\u0648\u0639 \u062f\u0631 \u0633\u0627\u0644 2014 \u062f\u0631 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u06cc\u0633\u0647 \u0628\u0627 \u0633\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u06af\u0630\u0634\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0647 \u0631\u0634\u062f \u062e\u0648\u062f \u0627\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u062f\u0627\u062f. \u0627\u0631\u0632\u0634 \u0622\u0646 \u0628\u0647 97.7 \u0645\u06cc\u0644\u06cc\u0627\u0631\u062f \u062f\u0644\u0627\u0631 \u0631\u0633\u06cc\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a \u06a9\u0647 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u062a \u0628\u0647 \u0633\u0627\u0644 2013 \u062a\u0627 7 \u062f\u0631\u0635\u062f \u0627\u0641\u0632\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u06cc\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a.<\/p>\n

    1.4 \u0628\u0627\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062a\u0647\u0648\u06cc\u0647 \u0645\u0637\u0628\u0648\u0639 \u062e\u0648\u0631\u0634\u06cc\u062f\u06cc<\/strong><\/p>\n

    UNEP [20] \u06af\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0634 \u062f\u0627\u062f \u06a9\u0647 789.6 \u0645\u06cc\u0644\u06cc\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u0631 \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u062a \u062e\u0648\u0631\u0634\u06cc\u062f\u06cc \u062a\u0627 \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u0627\u0646 \u0633\u0627\u0644 2015 \u062f\u0631 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u06cc\u0633\u0647 \u0628\u0627 77.3 \u0645\u06cc\u0644\u06cc\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u0631 \u0645\u0631\u0628\u0639 \u062f\u0631 \u0633\u0627\u0644 2012 \u0646\u0635\u0628 \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a. \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0622\u0648\u0631\u06cc \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0632 58 \u06a9\u0634\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0632 \u062c\u0645\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0631\u0648\u067e\u0627 \u060c \u0622\u0645\u0631\u06cc\u06a9\u0627\u06cc \u0634\u0645\u0627\u0644\u06cc \u060c \u0628\u0631\u0632\u06cc\u0644 \u060c \u0622\u0641\u0631\u06cc\u0642\u0627\u06cc \u062c\u0646\u0648\u0628\u06cc \u060c \u0647\u0646\u062f \u060c \u0686\u06cc\u0646 \u0648 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0644\u06cc\u0627 \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u06cc \u062f\u0647\u062f \u06a9\u0647 95 \u062f\u0631\u0635\u062f \u0628\u0627\u0632\u0627\u0631 \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u062a\u06cc \u062e\u0648\u0631\u0634\u06cc\u062f\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u06a9\u0634\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0646\u0635\u0628 \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a [21]. \u062f\u0631 \u0633\u0637\u062d \u062c\u0647\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u060c \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u062a \u062e\u0648\u0631\u0634\u06cc\u062f\u06cc \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f 1.2 \u062f\u0631\u0635\u062f \u0627\u0632 \u06af\u0631\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u0622\u0628 \u0648 \u0641\u0636\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0631\u0627 \u062a\u0634\u06a9\u06cc\u0644 \u0645\u06cc \u062f\u0647\u062f [20]. \u0628\u0647 \u06af\u0641\u062a\u0647 \u06cc\u0627\u0646\u06af (2012) [22] \u0686\u06cc\u0646 57.6 \u062f\u0631\u0635\u062f \u0627\u0632 \u0638\u0631\u0641\u06cc\u062a \u06af\u0631\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u0648 \u0633\u0631\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u062e\u0648\u0631\u0634\u06cc\u062f\u06cc \u062c\u0647\u0627\u0646 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0627 21.7 \u06af\u06cc\u06af\u0627\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0633\u0627\u0639\u062a \u062a\u0623\u0633\u06cc\u0633\u0627\u062a \u062c\u062f\u06cc\u062f \u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f \u06a9\u0647 74.6 \u062f\u0631\u0635\u062f \u0627\u0632 \u0628\u0627\u0632\u0627\u0631 \u06af\u0631\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u0648 \u0633\u0631\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u062e\u0648\u0631\u0634\u06cc\u062f\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u062c\u0647\u0627\u0646 \u0631\u0627 \u062a\u0634\u06a9\u06cc\u0644 \u0645\u06cc \u062f\u0647\u062f.<\/p>\n

    1.5 \u062a\u0627\u0628\u0634 \u062e\u0648\u0631\u0634\u06cc\u062f\u06cc \u0645\u062d\u0644\u06cc<\/strong><\/p>\n

    \u0633\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u06af\u0631\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u0648 \u0633\u0631\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u0645\u0639\u0645\u0648\u0644\u06cc \u0645\u0633\u0626\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0632\u06cc\u0627\u062f\u06cc \u062f\u06cc \u0627\u06a9\u0633\u06cc\u062f \u06a9\u0631\u0628\u0646 \u0628\u0647 \u0645\u062d\u06cc\u0637 \u0632\u06cc\u0633\u062a \u0648 \u0647\u0645\u0686\u0646\u06cc\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0632 \u0645\u0628\u0631\u062f\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u0636\u0631 \u062f\u0631 \u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f \u0627\u062b\u0631 \u06af\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0627\u06cc \u0648 \u067e\u062a\u0627\u0646\u0633\u06cc\u0644 \u062a\u062e\u0631\u06cc\u0628 \u0627\u0632\u0646 \u0647\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f [12 \u060c 23]. \u062a\u0627\u0628\u0634 \u062e\u0648\u0631\u0634\u06cc\u062f \u06cc\u06a9 \u0634\u06a9\u0644 \u067e\u0627\u06a9 \u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0646\u0631\u0698\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a \u06a9\u0647 \u062a\u0642\u0631\u06cc\u0628\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0641\u0631\u0627\u06cc\u0646\u062f\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0637\u0628\u06cc\u0639\u06cc \u0631\u0648\u06cc \u0632\u0645\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f \u0646\u06cc\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0633\u062a [2]. \u0639\u0644\u06cc\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u06cc\u062a \u06a9\u0647 \u0627\u06a9\u062b\u0631\u06cc\u062a \u0628\u0631\u0642 \u062a\u0648\u0644\u06cc\u062f \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0632 \u0633\u0648\u062e\u062a \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0641\u0633\u06cc\u0644\u06cc \u062a\u0648\u0644\u06cc\u062f \u0645\u06cc \u0634\u0648\u062f \u060c \u067e\u062a\u0627\u0646\u0633\u06cc\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0627\u0646\u0631\u0698\u06cc \u062a\u062c\u062f\u06cc\u062f\u067e\u0630\u06cc\u0631 \u062f\u0631 \u0622\u0641\u0631\u06cc\u0642\u0627\u06cc \u062c\u0646\u0648\u0628\u06cc \u0628\u0633\u06cc\u0627\u0631 \u0632\u06cc\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a \u060c \u062f\u0631 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u06cc \u06a9\u0647 \u062a\u0627\u0628\u0634 \u062e\u0648\u0631\u0634\u06cc\u062f\u06cc \u067e\u062a\u0627\u0646\u0633\u06cc\u0644 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u0647\u06cc \u0631\u0627 \u0627\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0647 \u0645\u06cc \u062f\u0647\u062f [16]. \u062f\u0631 \u0622\u0641\u0631\u06cc\u0642\u0627\u06cc \u062c\u0646\u0648\u0628\u06cc \u060c \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0633\u0642\u0641 \u062a\u0627\u0628\u0634 \u0627\u0641\u0642\u06cc \u062c\u0647\u0627\u0646\u06cc (GHI) \u0645\u06cc \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u062f \u062a\u0627 2300 \u06a9\u06cc\u0644\u0648\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0633\u0627\u0639\u062a \u0628\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0631 \u0628\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0631 \u0628\u0627 \u0633\u0631\u0639\u062a \u0628\u0627\u062f 6 \u0645\u062a\u0631 \u0628\u0631 \u062b\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u06a9\u06cc\u067e \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f \u060c \u062f\u0631 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u06cc \u06a9\u0647 \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u062a\u0627\u0628\u0634 \u0637\u0628\u06cc\u0639\u06cc \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u06cc\u0645 (DNI) \u062d\u062f\u0627\u06a9\u062b\u0631 \u0628\u0647 2900 \u06a9\u06cc\u0644\u0648\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0633\u0627\u0639\u062a \u0628\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0631 \u0645\u06a9\u0639\u0628 \u060c \u06a9\u0647 \u0628\u0647 \u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u0647\u06cc \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0632 \u0633\u0627\u06cc\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u062c\u0647\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a. \u0634\u06a9\u0644 1 (\u0627\u0644\u0641) \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u0644\u06cc \u0628\u06cc\u0646 GHI \u0648 DNI \u0631\u0627 \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u06cc \u062f\u0647\u062f. \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631 DNI \u062d\u062f\u0627\u06a9\u062b\u0631 \u0628\u0647 2900 \u06a9\u06cc\u0644\u0648\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0633\u0627\u0639\u062a \u0628\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0631 \u0628\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0631 \u0645\u06cc \u0631\u0633\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u0628\u0647 \u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u0647\u06cc \u0628\u06cc\u0634\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0632 \u0633\u0627\u06cc\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u062c\u0647\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a [16 \u060c 24].<\/p>\n

    \"\u06af\u0631\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0634<\/p>\n

    \u0642\u0637\u0631 \u062e\u0648\u0631\u0634\u06cc\u062f \u062a\u0642\u0631\u06cc\u0628\u0627\u064b 1.4 \u0645\u06cc\u0644\u06cc\u0648\u0646 \u06a9\u06cc\u0644\u0648\u0645\u062a\u0631 \u0648 150 \u0645\u06cc\u0644\u06cc\u0648\u0646 \u06a9\u06cc\u0644\u0648\u0645\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0632 \u0632\u0645\u06cc\u0646 \u0641\u0627\u0635\u0644\u0647 \u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f. \u062f\u0645\u0627\u06cc \u0633\u0637\u062d \u0622\u0646 \u0646\u0632\u062f\u06cc\u06a9 \u0628\u0647 5500 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0647 \u0633\u0627\u0646\u062a\u06cc \u06af\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a \u0648 \u0628\u0647 \u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u200b\u200b\u0631\u0648\u0632\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0628\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u0632\u0627\u0646 3.8×10 “\u06a9\u06cc\u0644\u0648\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0631 \u062b\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u0647 \u062a\u0634\u0639\u0634\u0639 \u0645\u06cc \u062f\u0647\u062f [25]. \u0628\u06cc\u0634\u062a\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0622\u0641\u0631\u06cc\u0642\u0627\u06cc \u062c\u0646\u0648\u0628\u06cc \u0628\u0647 \u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u200b\u200b\u0628\u06cc\u0634 \u0627\u0632 2500 \u0633\u0627\u0639\u062a \u0622\u0641\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u062f\u0631 \u0633\u0627\u0644 \u0648 \u0645\u06cc\u0627\u0646\u06af\u06cc\u0646 \u0633\u0637\u0648\u062d \u062a\u0627\u0628\u0634 \u062e\u0648\u0631\u0634\u06cc\u062f\u06cc \u0628\u06cc\u0646 4.5 \u062a\u0627 6.5 \u06a9\u06cc\u0644\u0648\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0633\u0627\u0639\u062a \u0628\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0631 \u0645\u0631\u0628\u0639 \u062f\u0631 \u0631\u0648\u0632 \u0627\u0633\u062a. \u062a\u0627\u0628\u0634 \u062e\u0648\u0631\u0634\u06cc\u062f\u06cc \u0633\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0647 24 \u0633\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0647 \u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u200b\u200b\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u06cc\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0647 150 \u0648\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0631 \u0645\u0631\u0628\u0639 \u0648 \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0631\u0648\u067e\u0627 100 \u0648\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0631 \u0645\u0631\u0628\u0639 \u062f\u0631 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u06cc\u0633\u0647 \u0628\u0627 \u0622\u0641\u0631\u06cc\u0642\u0627\u06cc \u062c\u0646\u0648\u0628\u06cc 220 \u0648\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0631 \u062f\u0631 \u0631\u0648\u0632 \u0627\u0633\u062a. \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0645\u062d\u0644\u06cc \u0622\u0641\u0631\u06cc\u0642\u0627\u06cc \u062c\u0646\u0648\u0628\u06cc \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u06cc\u06a9\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u0628\u0632\u0631\u06af\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u062c\u0647\u0627\u0646 \u062a\u0628\u062f\u06cc\u0644 \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u062f [26].<\/p>\n

    2. \u0645\u0631\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u062f\u0628\u06cc\u0627\u062a<\/span><\/strong><\/pre>\n
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      \n
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      \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0627\u0645\u0631 \u0647\u0645\u0686\u0646\u06cc\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0639\u062b \u0645\u06cc \u0634\u0648\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u062e\u0646\u06a9 \u06a9\u0646\u0646\u062f\u0647 \u062e\u0648\u0631\u0634\u06cc\u062f\u06cc \u0628\u0647 \u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u062e\u0648\u0628 \u062f\u0631 \u0631\u0633\u06cc\u062f\u06af\u06cc \u0628\u0647 \u062a\u063a\u06cc\u06cc\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0622\u0628 \u0648 \u0647\u0648\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f. \u0647\u0645\u0686\u0646\u06cc\u0646 \u062c\u0627\u06cc\u06af\u0632\u06cc\u0646\u06cc \u0645\u0627\u0634\u06cc\u0646\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062a\u0628\u0631\u06cc\u062f \u0645\u0639\u0645\u0648\u0644\u06cc \u06a9\u0647 \u0627\u0632 \u0628\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u0646\u062f \u06af\u0632\u06cc\u0646\u0647 \u0628\u0633\u06cc\u0627\u0631 \u062c\u0630\u0627\u0628\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a. \u0645\u06cc \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0646\u062a\u06cc\u062c\u0647 \u06af\u0631\u0641\u062a \u06a9\u0647 \u0633\u0631\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u0648 \u06af\u0631\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u062e\u0648\u0631\u0634\u06cc\u062f\u06cc \u06cc\u06a9 \u062c\u0627\u06cc\u06af\u0632\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0648 \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u06a9\u0627\u0647\u0634 \u0645\u0635\u0631\u0641 \u0628\u0631\u0642 \u060c \u06a9\u0627\u0647\u0634 \u0648\u0627\u0628\u0633\u062a\u06af\u06cc \u0628\u0647 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0641\u0633\u06cc\u0644\u06cc \u0648 \u0635\u0631\u0641\u0647 \u062c\u0648\u06cc\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u06af\u0627\u0632\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u06af\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a.<\/p>\n
       <\/p>\n
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        \u00a0<\/em><\/p>\n
         <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
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